NOS3 Gene: Nitric Oxide Synthase 3

The NOS3 gene (also called eNOS) produces an enzyme that generates nitric oxide in blood vessel walls. Nitric oxide is a powerful vasodilator that keeps blood vessels flexible and healthy. NOS3 variants can affect cardiovascular health.

What Does the NOS3 Gene Do?

NOS3 enzyme converts L-arginine to nitric oxide in endothelial cells lining blood vessels. Nitric oxide causes smooth muscle relaxation, preventing vessel constriction and reducing blood pressure. It also inhibits platelet aggregation and inflammation.

Key NOS3 Variants

rs1799983 (Glu298Asp): The T allele (Asp) reduces nitric oxide production and is associated with higher blood pressure and cardiovascular risk.

rs2070744 (T-786C): The C allele reduces NOS3 gene expression, potentially lowering nitric oxide availability.

Health Impacts

• Blood pressure regulation
• Blood vessel flexibility
• Exercise performance and recovery
• Cardiovascular disease risk
• Erectile function

Evidence-Based Recommendations

• Support nitric oxide production with dietary nitrates (beets, leafy greens)
• L-arginine or L-citrulline supplementation may help
• Regular aerobic exercise improves endothelial function
• Limit oxidative stress (smoking, excessive alcohol)
• Antioxidants support nitric oxide preservation

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